Why Are Pregnant Women Especially Vulnerable to the Health Effects of Environmental Hazards?

Pregnant women are especially vulnerable to environmental exposures because of their changing bodies. During a typical pregnancy, women breathe in 20% more oxygen at a 40% increased rate, and their heart is working 50% harder. Those changes and more mean pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to air pollution and heat stress. Pregnancy is also a time that women are more at risk for hypertension (high blood pressure), including preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, which can impact both the pregnant woman and baby. Any exposure that impacts maternal health can have an impact on their baby’s health, especially if the exposure leads to preterm birth.